The correction of diagnostic criteria for anemia is to eliminate the influence of altitude on the HGB level. The severity of anemia was classified as very severe (if HGB value < 30 g/L), severe (if HGB value is 30–60 g/L), moderate (if HBG value is 60–90 g/L), and mild (if HGB value is 90–120 g/L for males and 90–110 g/L for females) according to the HGB thresholds 9. The study aimed to provide an evidence-based reference for making the follow-up targeted intervention measures to prevent and treat anemia.įull size table Diagnosis criteria of anemia in PlateauĪnemia was defined as hemoglobin (HGB) < 120 g/L for an adult male, HGB < 110 g/L for an adult female (non-pregnant), and HGB < 100 g/L for pregnant women per Chinses criteria 8. The demographics and clinical data were collected and the characteristics of the subjects, like the age, gender, altitude, education, occupation, and severity of anemia were analyzed. To meet the national demand for targeted poverty alleviation, this retrospective study collected 379 hospitalized anemia patients over the age of 18 years who were admitted to the Hematology Department of Shigatse People's Hospital from November 2017 to November 2021. As it is located in the hinterland of Tibet, the hospitalized patients are mainly local Tibetan residents, which has a good regional representation. It has a diversity of altitudes (the highest is 8,848 m of Qomolangma, the lowest is 1600 m of Yadong, and the average is 3600 m). The population is about 800,000, accounting for about 1/4 of the total population of Tibet. ![]() Shigatse area covers an area of 182,000 square kilometers (about 2 areas of Jiangsu Province). In addition, the average altitude of Lhasa, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, and other Tibetan areas is low, and there is a lack of data 7 above 4500 m altitude in such areas. The incidence of anemia in plateau areas is relatively high, which is closely related to factors such as poor geographical environment, backward economic conditions, cultural beliefs, and a monotonous diet, which seriously endangers plateau residents' health 3, 4, 5.Īt present, there is a lack of a large amount of detailed data 6 in plateau areas of China. Anemia is still a common and frequently occurring disease. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the anemia population in the world exceeds 2 billion now, accounting for 30% of the world population 2. Among them, hemoglobin concentration is the most commonly used and reliable diagnosis criterion 1. Peasants and herdsmen, low education levels, young and middle-aged women, and nutrition status should be paid attention to in future anemia control.Īnemia is a kind of clinical syndrome in which the number and size of red blood cells, or the hemoglobin concentration, falls below an established cut-off value, consequently impairing the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen around the body. Overall, this study showed that altitude influences the incidence, severity, and cause of anemia. At high-altitude localities, folic acid-deficiency anemia needs more attention. The most common causes of anemia were nutritional anemia, especially iron-deficiency anemia. 88.7% of patients are engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry, and 81.5% of patients just graduated from primary school or below. The percentage of severe anemia and extremely severe anemia was 45.4% and 2.4%, respectively. Almost half of the anemia patients aged from 28 to 47 years. ![]() We found those female patients accounted for the majority of Tibetan anemia patients. We collected clinical data from 379 Tibetan anemia patients over the age of 18 years. To provide evidence-based medicine references for formulating prevention and control policies in plateau areas, we explore the characteristics of anemia patients in Tibet (the plateau areas of China), especially those located at an altitude above 4500 m.
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